Article automatic storage and retrieval apparatus

ABSTRACT

A commodity retrieval and storage apparatus which includes shelves for storing a plurality of like configured commodities. A movable carriage is vertically and horizontally displaceable along the shelves and carries apparatus for engagement with the commodity selected, apparatus for transferring the selected commodity to the carriage and apparatus for securely holding the selected commodity to the carriage. After transfer of the commodity to the carriage, the carriage may be moved to a commodity processing area.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

This application is a continuation of Ser. No. 05/889,522 filed on Mar.23, 1978 now abandoned.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

This invention relates generally to a commodity retrieval and storageapparatus used to store and selectively retrieve a plurality of likeconfigured commodities. While a variety of such apparatus is known inthe art, many of these devices suffer from numerous disadvantages. Thesedevices may not permit sufficiently high density storage for the mosteconomical use of storage space. Such devices may also inadequatelyprotect the commodity during the retrieval or transfer operations andmay require a constant input of electrical power in order to hold thecommodity at all times. During the retrieval operation, such devices mayrequire large inputs of power in order to overcome the friction duringthe removal of the commodity from the shelves. Finally, many suchdevices engage the commodity by its face rather than its periphery whichresults in an overly large spacing between adjacent stored commodities.The instant invention is directed to overcoming such difficulties.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Generally speaking, in accordance with the invention, a commodityretrieval and storage apparatus is provided. The apparatus includesshelves for holding a plurality of stored commodities and a carriagedisplaceable along and between the shelves. A retrieval apparatusdisplaceable on the carriage will engage and secure the commodity andwill transfer same to the carriage for further movement of the commodityto a commodity processing apparatus.

Accordingly, it is an object of this invention to provide a storage andretrieval apparatus permitting high density storage of commodites.

Another object of this invention is to provide a commodity retrieval andstorage apparatus which secures and holds the commodity during transferthereof to prevent breakage.

Another object of this invention is to provide a commodity storage andretrieval apparatus that securely holds the commodity even ifelectricity is cut off during its operation.

Another object of this invention is to provide a commodity storage andretrieval apparatus that is energy efficient.

Yet another object of this invention is to provide a commodity storageand retrieval apparatus that is simple in operation and construction.

Still another object of this invention is to provide a commodity storageand retrieval apparatus which engages only the periphery of the storedcommodity.

Still other objects of this invention will become apparent upon readingof the detailed specification to follow.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

For a better understanding of the invention, reference is made to thefollowing drawings in which:

FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic view of the operation of the commodity storageand retrieval apparatus constructed in accordance with the instantinvention;

FIG. 1a is a perspective view of the shelf of the instant invention withthe commodity stored therein;

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the carriage and frame with theretrieval apparatus shown by dashed lines;

FIG. 3 is a cutaway perspective view of the commodity retrievalapparatus;

FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the commodity retrieval and storageapparatus showing the commodity being displaced away from the shelf;

FIG. 5 is a diagrammatic view of a second preferred embodiment of thecommodity retrieval and storage apparatus;

FIG. 6 is a cutaway perspective view of the commodity retrievalapparatus of the second preferred embodiment; and

FIGS. 7a through 7d illustrate the operation of the retrieval apparatusof the second preferred embodiment.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

FIG. 1 of the drawings illustrates diagrammatically the commoditystorage and retrieval device of the instant invention. The deviceconsists of a storage shelf 1, which holds a plurality of disc-shapedcommodities, such as film or tape cans, in a vertical position. Amovable carriage 2 is movable along the longitudinal extent of shelf 1,as well as vertically along stacked rows of shelves 1. Carriage 2includes a commodity retrieval apparatus 3 which can engage and removean individual commodity from shelf 1 and transfer it to carriage 2.Carriage 2 may then be used to transport the selected commodity to acommodity handling section 4 for further processing or delivery of thecommodity. A suitable drive and support system for carriage 2 is shownin U.S. Pat. No. 3,840,131 (Castaldi), the disclosure of which is herebyincorporated by reference. The operation of commodity handling section4, is also well known in the art, and no further discussion as to itsoperation is necessary in order to understand the present invention.

FIG. 1a, illustrates shelf 1, holding a commodity 10. Shelf 1 includes aconcave surface 121 which extends from the upper portion to its loweredge 122. The concavity of surface 121 corresponds to the circumferenceof commodity 10. Edge 122 is higher than the lower-most part of concavesurface 121 so that commodity 10 will be retained therein. Uprightdividing walls 123 will prevent commodity 10 from tipping over. Thus, apocket 124 for each commodity 10 is formed by adjoining dividing walls123 and concave surface 121.

FIG. 2 illustrates carriage 2 and commodity retrieval apparatus 3 ingreater detail. Carriage 2 is generally L-shaped in configuration andmay move both horizontally along the longitudinal axis of shelf 1, aswell as vertically along stacked rows of shelves 1. Carriage 2 has ahorizontal section 22 and a vertical section 21 from which an arm 23extends in the direction of horizontal section 22. A frame 24, whichmounts commodity retrieval apparatus 3 is mounted between arm 23 andhorizontal section 22 by means of a pin 25, so that it may pivot aboutpin 25. Frame 24 includes an opening 241 which permits commodity 10 tobe held within frame 24 during the travel of carriage 2.

In operation, carriage 2 will be positioned at the desired storageposition along shelf 1. Retrieval apparatus 3 will then be displacedforwardly through opening 241 to engage the periphery of commodity 10.After engagement, a vacuum created by a vacuum head 32 will causecommodity 10 to be secured to retrieval apparatus 3 which will then bedisplaced rearwardly to move commodity 10 within frame 24. Carriage 2may then be activated to move it to handling area 4, retrieval apparatus3 will then be displaced forwardly to transfer commodity 10 to handlingarea 4 when the vacuum is released.

It is seen that during transfer, commodity 10 is protected from damageor disengagement by its location within frame 24. Furthermore, frame 24is rotatable because of its pivotal mounting on pin 25. Commodity 10 maybe displaced by retrieval apparatus 3 in any direction, which permitshandling section 4 to be installed at any suitable location.

The construction of retrieval apparatus 3 will now be illustrated ingreater detail as shown in FIG. 3. Retrieval apparatus 3 includes amember 31 slidably mounted on a pair of guide shafts 33, so that it maybe slidably displaced within frame 24. Each end of guide shafts 33 isfixed to frame 24, the forward end of guide shafts 33 is not shown fixedto frame 24 since the drawing has been cut away to show the mechanism ingreater detail. Member 31 is displaced by a chain 34 connected to it.Chain 34 runs between a pulley 35, mounted to the rearward portion offrame 24 and a pulley 35' mounted at the forward portion of frame 24.Chain 34 is driven through a gear 37 by a motor 36 mounted on frame 24.A pair of tension rollers 38, 38' are used to take up any slack in chain34. Thus, when motor 36 is rotated, retrieval apparatus 3 will bedisplaced within and without frame 24.

Mounted to a slidable member 31 is a vertically extending member 318which pivotally joins arm 311 to sliding block 31 by means of a pin 312,to permit arm 311 to rotate a small amount about pin 312. Mounted to thelower portion of arm 311 is vacuum absorbent head 32, and a vacuum line313 is attached to the rear of arm 311 which, in turn, is internallyrouted to power vacuum head 32. The pump powering vacuum head 32 isattached to vacuum line 313 and is not shown in the drawings. Alsomounted to member 31 and extending beyond arm 311 is a forward extendingarm 315, having a tapered forward edge.

The purpose of arm 315 is to lift commodity 10 as member 31 is displacedforwardly, which reduces the power needed to remove commodity 10 fromshelf 1. After being lifted by arm 315, commodity 10 will be engaged byvacuum head 32 and a support pad 314 mounted to the upper portion of arm311. Pad 314 prevents commodity 10 from jumping up when engaged by arm315 and vacuum head 32. In order to secure commodity 10 against lateraldisplacement, a pair of guide panels 316, 316' on each side of absorbenthead 32 will contact the sides of commodity 10. After engagement withcommodity 10, the actuation of motor 36 will cause retrieval apparatus 3and attached commodity 10 to move rearwardly within frame 24.

Located within frame 24 is a clamping mechanism which will securecommodity 10 in place during movement of carriage 2. The clampingmechanism consists of a pair of levers 243, 243' pivotally mounted toframes 242, 242' which, in turn, are fixedly mounted to frame 24 on eachside of the commodity storage space. Each arm 243, 243' has a pad 244,244' on one end and a spring 245, 245' to bias pads 244, 244' intoengagement with commodity 10. A pair of levers 247, 247' are pivotallyjoined to arms 243, 243' and extend rearwardly to a solenoid 246.Solenoid 246 controls the position of arms 247, 247' which, in turn,controls the position of levers 243, 243' and pads 244, 244'. Whensolenoid 246 is activated, levers 247, 247' will prevent the bias ofsprings 245, 245' from acting on levers 243, 243'. When this occurs,pads 244, 244' will be unable to engage commodity 10 to permit member 31and retrieval apparatus 3 to be displaced.

FIG. 4 illustrates the retrieval of commodity 10 from storage shelf 1 bymeans of retrieval apparatus 3. When member 31 is moved in direction Aby means of motor 36, the tapered end of rod 315 will engage and slideunder the periphery of commodity 10. Commodity 10 will be lifted by theaction of rod 315 and vacuum head 32 and pad 314 moved into contact withthe periphery of commodity 10. The vacuum action of head 32 will causecommodity 10 to adhere to it and to engage pad 314, so that commodity 10can be lifted and moved rearwardly away from shelf 1. The tapered end ofrod 315 may be replaced by a roller mounted to the end of rod 315 toengage and lift commodity 10.

The pivotal movement of arm 311 about pin 312 is limited by a pair ofresilient pads 317, 317'. Pads 317, 317' absorb the shock when head 32engages commodity 10 and also compensate for any misalignment betweenarm 311 and commodity 10. To further absorb the shock of engagementbetween commodity 10 and retrieval apparatus 3, member 318 which mountspin 312 is slidably mounted to a rod 320, which is fixedly mounted tomember 31. An elastic pad 319 surrounds rod 320 and will cushion theshock of engagement since it permits member 318 to be displacedrearwardly a small distance upon engagement. The resiliency of pad 319will then displace member 318 outwardly after the shock has beenabsorbed.

FIGS. 5 through 7 illustrate an alternative commodity retrievalapparatus 15, which may be used in place of retrieval apparatus 3. Thisapparatus is particularly suitable where commodity 10 is too heavy to beengaged by the use of a vacuum. As shown in FIG. 5, commodity 10 isagain mounted edgewise along shelf 1 for retrieval utilizing a carriage14 which may move along the length of the shelf and up and down amongstacked shelves 1. Carriage 14 also includes a mechanism for movingretrieval apparatus 15 into position along shelf 1 to retrieve commodity10.

FIG. 6 illustrates in detail the retrieval apparatus 15 which includes aframe 511, which includes an upper forward extending portion 512 and alower forward extending portion 513. Upper portion 512 carries a pin 518which pivotally mounts an arm 514. At the forward portion of arm 514 area pair of freely rotatable rollers 517, 516. Pin 518 is fixedly joinedto arm 514 and also mounts a sprocket wheel 519. Pivotally mounted toportion 513 of frame 511 by means of pin 520 is a lower arm 515 whichtapers to a point near its forward section.

A solenoid 512 is mounted within frame 511 and has a movable plunger521' to which a pair of chains 522, 523 are mounted. Chain 522 is firstwrapped around a sprocket 524 mounted to portion 513 of frame 511 and,in turn, wraps around a sprocket 525 mounted to portion 512 of frame 511and thereafter around a sprocket 526 located at the forward portion ofsection 512. Chain 522 is then wrapped around sprocket 519 whichcontrols the movement of arm 514 and the end of chain 522 is joined to aspring 527 which is fixedly mounted to a pin 528 on frame 511. Chain 523acts on arm 515 through sprocket 529 located at the lowermost part offrame 511. The end of chain 523 is attached to the rearward end of arm515. Also attached to the rearward end of arm 515 is a spring 530 whichbiases the forward end of arm 515 downwardly.

When solenoid 521 is actuated, plunger 521' will be moved upwardly indirection C which, in turn, will cause chain 522 to pivot arm 514downwardly and chain 523 to pivot arm 515 upwardly. When the power tosolenoid 521 is released, springs 530 and 527 will return arms 515 and514 respectively to their original positions.

When commodity 10 is received by retrieval apparatus 15, as will be morefully described hereafter, commodity 10 will rest between a pair ofguide panels 532 and 531 which will prevent droppage of commodity 10since its side walls will contact panels 532 and 531, should commodity10 become tilted. A light source 533 is installed near the edge of panel531 and a photoelectric cell 534 is installed near the edge of panel 532in order to detect whether commodity has been received with theapparatus. Of course, the light source and the photoelectric cell can bemounted on any other section of retrieval apparatus 15, and any othermethod of commodity detection may also be used.

Retrieval apparatus 15 includes a channel 535 mounted to frame 511 whichis in slidable engagement with a rod 538 which is mounted to carriage14. A second rod, 539, also mounted to carriage 14 is engaged by rollers536 and 537 carried by frame 511 to permit retrieval apparatus 15 to bedisplaced into and out of engagement with commodity 10. A chain 540mounted to frame 511 is driven by a motor (not shown) on carriage 514 todisplace retrieval apparatus 15 as a unit.

The operation of the steps of retrieval of commodity 10 is illustratedin FIGS. 7A through 7D. In FIG. 7A, retrieval apparatus is displacedtowards shelf 1 by means of the carriage mounted motor and chain 540. Asthe forward edge of arm 515 approaches and engages the outer peripheryof commodity 10, commodity 10 will be displaced upwardly as shown inFIG. 7B. At this time, the forward motion of retrieval apparatus 15 willbeen stopped, and the faces of commodity 10 will be located betweenguide panels 532 and 531. Solenoid 521 will be activated which willcause arm 515 to pivot upwardly and arm 514 to pivot downwardly, whichwill cause commodity 10 to be secured to retrieval apparatus 15, asshown in FIG. 7C. The carriage mounted motor will then displaceretrieval apparatus 15 away from shelf 1 and the commodity may then betransported by means of carriage 2.

The storage operation is the opposite of the retrieval operation andconsists of the operation in reverse sequence as that illustrated inFIG. 7. In the drawings, arm 515 has been shown as long enough to fitbetween commodity 10 and shelf 1. However, it may be made shorter sothat it just engages the bottom of commodity 10. Furthermore, it is notnecessary that the forward edge of arm 515 to be tapered, however, insuch event the upper surface of lever 515 should engage the bottom ofcommodity 10. Finally, retrieval apparatus 15 can be arranged so thatlever 515 is not movable at all, since the engagement of commodity 10may be accomplished by the movement of lever 514 alone.

Although the present invention has been described in conjunction withpreferred embodiments, it is to be understood that modifications andvariations may be resorted to without departing from the spirit andscope of the invention, as those skilled in the art will readilyunderstand. Such modifications and variations are considered to bewithin the purview and scope of the invention and the appended claims.

The appended claims are intended to cover all the generic and specificfeatures of the invention, and all statements of the scope of theinvention which, as a matter of language, may be said to falltherebetween.

What is claimed is:
 1. A commodity retrieval and storage apparatuscomprising, shelf means for holding a plurality of said commodity, saidcommodity having a generally circular outer periphery and said shelfmeans having a concave depression therein with a lower support surfaceand an upstanding backwall to support said commodity, carriage means,displaceable along said shelf means, and including means for retrievingselected ones of said commodity from said shelf means, said retrievingmeans including, a forwardly extending upper arm, and a forwardlyextending lower arm, said upper and lower arms being arranged to pivotfrom a first rest position to a second commodity engagement position, amovable member, a first flexible member extending from said upper arm tosaid movable member, a second flexible member extending from said lowerarm to said movable member, said lower arm including an inclined planeportion at a forward end of said lower arm, means for moving saidinclined plane portion of said lower arm under said commodity, wherebysaid commodity is moved in an upward direction along said upstandingbackwall, means operative when said inclined plane portion has beenmoved under said commodity for displacing said movable member and saidfirst and second flexible members, and for pivoting said upper arm andsaid lower arm from said first rest position to said second commodityengagement position, a first support member, wherein said upper arm ispivotally attached to said first support member, said commodityretrieval and storage apparatus further including a first sprocket wheelfixedly joined to said upper arm at said point of pivotal attachment,said first flexible member being attached to said first sprocket wheeland a plurality of additional sprocket wheels for carrying said firstflexible member from said first sprocket wheel to said movable member, asecond support member, wherein said lower arm is pivotally attached tosaid second support member, said second flexible member being attachedto said lower arm and being carried to said movable member by one ofsaid plurality of additional sprocket wheels.
 2. A commodity retrievaland storage apparatus in accordance with claim 1, further including aspring member and wherein said upper and lower arms are maintained insaid reset position by said spring member.
 3. A commodity retrieval andstorage apparatus in accordance with claim 2, wherein said upper armincludes roller means for engagement with the periphery of saidcommodity.
 4. A commodity retrieval and storage apparatus in accordancewith claim 1, wherein said carriage means includes means for holdingsaid commodity in place after said commodity has been retrieved fromsaid shelf means by said retrieving means.
 5. A commodity retrieval andstorage apparatus in accordance with claim 4, further including meansfor detecting receipt of said commodity within said holding means.